Making a RESTful JSON API in Go with Mux
Making a RESTful JSON API in Go
原文 https://thenewstack.io/make-a-restful-json-api-go/
A Basic Web Server
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
| package main
import (
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
func main() {
r := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
r.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("Hello"))
})
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}
|
//与http.ServerMux不同的是mux.Router是完全的正则匹配,设置路由路径/index/，如果访问路径/idenx/hello会返回404
//设置路由路径为/index/访问路径/index也是会报404的,需要设置r.StrictSlash(true), /index/与/index才能匹配
Adding a Router
路径又称”终点”（endpoint），表示API的具体网址。在RESTful架构中，每个网址代表一种资源（resource）。 第三方组件（Gorilla Mux package）： “github.com/gorilla/mux”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
| package main
import (
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
func main() {
r := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
r.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("Hello"))
})
r.HandleFunc("/todos", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("todo"))
})
r.HandleFunc("/todos/{todoId}", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
vars := mux.Vars(r)
todoId := vars["todoId"]
w.Write([]byte("todo id:" + todoId))
})
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
}
|
数据模型
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
| type Route struct {
Name string
Method string
Pattern string
HandlerFunc http.HandlerFunc
}
type Routes []Route
|
重构
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
| package main
import "net/http"
type Route struct {
Name string
Method string
Pattern string
HandlerFunc http.HandlerFunc
}
type Routes []Route
var routes = Routes{
Route{
"Index",
"GET",
"/",
IndexHandler,
},
{
"todoIndex",
"GET",
"/todos",
TodoHandler,
},
{
"todoDetailIndex",
"GET",
"/todos/{todoId}",
TodoDetailHandler,
},
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
| package main
import (
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
func NewRouter() *mux.Router {
router := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
for _, route := range routes {
router.
Methods(route.Method).
Path(route.Pattern).
Name(route.Name).
Handler(route.HandlerFunc)
}
return router
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
| package main
import (
"net/http"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
func IndexHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("Hello"))
}
func TodoHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte("todo"))
}
func TodoDetailHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
vars := mux.Vars(r)
todoId := vars["todoId"]
w.Write([]byte("todo id:" + todoId))
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
| package main
import (
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
router := NewRouter()
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router))
}
|
Applying the Logger Decorator
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
| func NewRouter() *mux.Router {
router := mux.NewRouter().StrictSlash(true)
for _, route := range routes {
var handler http.Handler
handler = route.HandlerFunc
handler = Logger(handler, route.Name)
router.
Methods(route.Method).
Path(route.Pattern).
Name(route.Name).
Handler(handler)
}
return router
}
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
| package main
import (
"log"
"net/http"
"time"
)
func Logger(inner http.Handler, name string) http.Handler {
return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
start := time.Now()
inner.ServeHTTP(w, r)
log.Printf(
"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s",
r.Method,
r.RequestURI,
name,
time.Since(start),
)
})
}
|
可以看到
